Radiant mat grid

ABSTRACT

An improved apparatus and method of attaching heated or cooled liquid filled tubing to a floor, wall or ceiling to create a radiant heating or cooling system.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is entitled to the priority filing date of it'sunderlying Provisional Patent Application No. 60/831,827 for Radiant MatGrid filed with the U.S. patent Office on Jul. 19, 2006.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH FOR DEVELOPMENT

No Federal Funds were used in the development of this Invention.

THE NAMES OF THE PARTIES TO A JOINT RESEARCH AGREEMENT

Not Applicable.

INCORPORATION-BY-REFERENCE OF MATERIAL SUBMITTED ON A COMPACT DISC

Not Applicable.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Radiant floor heating systems have been in use commercially and inresidential structures since the Roman Times. Low temperature radiantpanels are the most effective method of heating and cooling transferknown. The Radiant Panel Association claims 20% to 40% more efficiencyin a heating application than forced air type heating. Radiant heatingand cooling is completely clean and silent with no dust, allergens orpollutants blowing around the structure. Radiant heating and coolingoffers complete interior design flexibility as there are no ducts orregisters to accommodate. Frank Lloyd Wright and others designed many inthe early twentieth century using copper tubing and iron piping. Butwith the development of Molecularly Cross-Linked Poly Ethylene tubing(PEX), such heating methods became more affordable, reliable and easierto install for use by the general public. This present invention is bothan improved apparatus and method for installation of radiant heating andcooling systems.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

Radiant Floor Heating and Cooling Apparatus and Methods.

DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART

Current radiant heating and cooling systems employ various methods toanchor the liquid filled tubes or electric heating cables necessary tocreate an array of hydronic radiant panels when they are built into thefloors, wall and ceilings of living and work spaces. Current systemshave the following disadvantages:

1) The tubes are not held securely and therefore they tend to pop out oftheir matrix or mat during the overpouring;

2) When Polystyrene or other foam based tube holding matrices are used,the entire system is up to three times as thick as the presentinvention;

3) Current systems use knobs or integrated insulation systems whichinhibit heat transfer and are less efficient;

4) Prior systems are prone to damage during the overpour process. Thepresent invention is much less prone to damage prior to and during theoverpour.

5) Current systems are not as modular and require more cutting andwaste;

6) Current systems do not lock together as effectively or completely andthe current invention is able to allow pre-staging of larger sheets ofmats or grids then other existing systems;

7) Current systems do not lay as flat and uniform as the presentinvention;

8) Current systems do not bear weight as effectively as the presentinvention;

9) Current systems constructed of vacuum formed or heat stampedpolystyrene or other similar materials have little inherent structuralintegrity, do not lay as flat, and tend to create an insulated knob,thereby inhibiting lateral heat transfer;

10) Current systems do not have a recessed anchor point to accept andguide a screw or other fastening device to anchor the mat to the floor,walls or ceiling;

11) Current systems do not have a recessed anchor point to accept andguide into place a top layer constructed of cement board, wood,cellulose, plastic composite, aluminum, copper or other structural andheat diffusion aiding material creating an integrated modular systemthat can be completely installed, uninstalled, and then re-assembled;

12) Current systems do not allow for the addition of a combination toplayer comprised of an anti-fatigue mat, a shop floor, and/or transitionramps to a concrete shop floor for use in modular industrialapplications.

13) Current systems do not allow for the overpour material to penetratethe attaching knob and consequently do not add any structural benefitsto the overpour situation or aid in heat transfer.

14) Current systems do not allow for the integration of finish floorproducts made of wood, tile, stone, linoleum, metal, etc.

There is currently no relevant art which has all the advantages of thecurrent invention. U.S. patent application No. 20040026525 describes aradiant heating system using tubing embedded in gypsum or cement board.The current invention has improved heat transfer characteristics overthat invention because it has the ability to use tubing in contact withaluminum or other radiant temperature conducting material attached tothe cement board thereby sandwiching the tube between the cement boardand the radiant mat.

Other examples of relevant art include U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,182,903;6,270,016; 6,726,115; 5,788,152; 5,743,330; 5,542,603; 5,454,428;4,782,889; 5,097,893 and 6,935,361.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention described herein is an improved method of attaching heatedor cooled liquid filled molecularly crossed linked polyethylene tubingother tubing or electrical heating cables to a floor, wall or ceiling tocreate a heating or cooling radiant panel. The invention describedherein in one of it's preferred embodiments allows for a completemodular system that can be disassembled and reassembled at will.

The Radiant Mat Grid matrix in a floor heating or cooling embodiment isgenerally installed over an insulating and/or reflective layer. In aradiant wall or ceiling embodiment the insulating/reflective layer isgenerally accomplished by bat type insulation in the wall/ceiling spacebehind the radiant panel.

In a raised floor installation the bat insulation is installed inbetween the floor joists under the sub-floor. In a preferred embodimentthe insulating/reflective layer is formed of vacuum formed or heatstamped polystyrene or other material and when inserted into the bottomof the Mat Grid sandwiching a reflective layer of aluminum, Mylar orother reflective material creates an integrated tube installation andinsulation solution.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a top orthogonal view of a single radiant Mat Grid byitself.

FIG. 2 shows a top view of a single radiant Mat Grid by itself.

FIG. 3 shows a bottom orthogonal view of a single radiant Mat Grid byitself.

FIG. 4 shows how the radiant Mat Grid snaps together to form a radiantMat Grid matrix.

FIG. 5 shows a close-up top orthogonal view detailing the undercuttubing adhesion method.

FIG. 6 shows a top view of a single radiant Mat Grid by itself withtubing snapped into it.

FIG. 7 shows a side view of a single radiant Mat Grid with tubingsnapped into it.

FIG. 8 shows a close-up top view of tubing snapped into a section ofradiant Mat Grid.

FIG. 9 shows an orthogonal view of the radiant Mat Grid attachment guide

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an orthogonal view of the preferred embodiment shape which iscomprised of a single radiant Mat Grid tile (9) having and upper surfaceand a lower surface. There are a plurality of protuberances (10)extending beyond the perimeter of the radiant Mat Grid (9) around itscircumference. Each protuberance or male knob (10) can snap securelyinto a corresponding protuberance receptacle or female knob (11) placedalong the interior of the circumference of the tile. Each separate tileis snapped together with other tiles creating a monolithic Radiant MatGrid matrix. The interior of each tile contains a plurality of weightbearing support knobs (15) on its upper surface. Each weight bearingsupport knob (15) has a recess at the upper end (16) and a screw guideopening (17) together comprising a screw recess unit. Each weightbearing support knob (15) can be used to mate with an additional toplayer. A screw or other fastener means can be inserted through eachscrew guide unit via the screw guide hole (17) inside each weightbearing support knob (15) to attach the radiant Mat Grid tile to theunderlying surface or sub-flooring leaving the screw head or otherattachment means below the recess (16). The upper surface of each tilecontains a plurality of tube cradles (12). Each tube cradle (12) is nextto one or more weight bearing support knobs. Each weight bearing supportknob (15) adjacent to a tube cradle (12) having an indented undercutnotch in its surface on each side (14) adjacent to each tube cradle soas to allow tubing to snap into each tube cradle (12) thereby creating atruss to stiffen the radiant Mat Grid tile (9), limiting lateral flex.In the preferred embodiment the tile is square but any polygonal shapecan be used.

FIG. 2 is a similar top view of a single radiant Mat Grid tile (9)similar to the view shown in FIG. 1 with the male knobs (10) extendingbeyond the perimeter of the radiant Mat Grid (9) around itscircumference. Each male knob (10) can snap securely into acorresponding female knob (11) creating a monolithic radiant Mat Grid(9) matrix. Each weight bearing support knob (15) has a recess (16) anda screw guide hole (17) where the recess (16) can mate with anadditional top layer and a screw or other fastener means can attach theradiant Mat Grid through the weight bearing support knob (15) via thescrew guide hole (17) leaving the screw head or other attachment meansbelow the recess (16). Each tube cradle (12) can guide a heating/coolingtube into the undercuts (14) to allow the tubing to snap in the radiantMat Grid (9) thereby creating a truss to stiffen the radiant Mat Grid(9), limiting lateral flex.

FIG. 3 is a bottom orthogonal view of a single radiant Mat Grid tile (9)with the male knobs (10) extending beyond the perimeter of the radiantMat Grid (9) around its circumference. Each male knob (10) snapssecurely into a corresponding female knob (11) creating a monolithicradiant Mat Grid (9) matrix. The undercut (14) that allows for tubingadhesion is created by a void (18) which can be seen from the bottom ofthe radiant Mat Grid (9).

FIG. 4 is an orthogonal view of four radiant Mat Grid tiles (9) showinghow the male knobs (10) snap into the female knobs (11) simultaneouslyto create a radiant Mat Grid matrix.

FIG. 5 is a close-up orthogonal view of a radiant Mat Grid tile (9) thatshows one of the undercuts (14) that is created by the void (18) visiblefrom the bottom of the radiant Mat Grid (9) between the tubecradle/trusses. The void (18) allows the thermal mass infill material(over-pour) to penetrate the knob (15) completely. The undercut (14)creates a superior tube adhesion method while allowing the weightbearing knob (15) to remain very strong and crush resistant.

FIG. 6 is a top view of a portion of a radiant Mat Grid tile (9) matrixthat shows a male knob (10) snapped securely into the female knob (11)to create a radiant Mat Grid matrix. A heating or cooling tube (13) issnapped into the radiant Mat Grid (9) tiles forming the matrix along acradle/truss (12) path which is then held securely by the undercuts (14)created by the voids (18).

FIG. 7 is a close-up side view of a heating or cooling tube (13) snappedinto a radiant Mat Grid tile (9) being held securely between eachadjacent weight bearing knob (15) by an undercut (14) created by a void(18) which also allows for the infill material (over-pour) to completelypenetrate the weight bearing knob (15) thereby allowing for optimumlateral heat diffusion and structural integrity characteristics.

FIG. 8 is a close-up top view of a heating or cooling tube (13) snappedinto a radiant Mat Grid tile (9) along a cradle/truss (12) pathway. Arecess (16) and a screw guide (17) are also shown.

FIG. 9 is an orthogonal view of the radiant Mat Grid (9) with thestructural and possibly finished floor layer (19) with heat diffusionaiding material (20) secured to the knob (15) with a screw, barb orother (21) into the screw guide (17) to give a sub-floor or finishedfloor surface.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

A single radiant Mat Grid tile (9) has an upper surface and a lowersurface. There are a plurality of protuberances (10) extending beyondthe perimeter of the radiant Mat Grid (9) around its circumference. Eachprotuberance or male knob (10) can snap securely into a correspondingprotuberance receptacle or female knob (11) placed along the interior ofthe circumference of a neighboring tile. Each separate tile is snappedtogether with other tiles creating a monolithic Radiant Mat Grid matrix.The interior of each tile contains a plurality of weight bearing supportknobs (15) on its upper surface. Each weight bearing support knob (15)has a recess at the upper end (16) and a screw guide opening (17)together comprising a screw recess unit. Each weight bearing supportknob (15) can be used to mate with an additional top layer. A screw orother fastener means can be inserted through each screw guide unit viathe screw guide hole (17) inside each weight bearing support knob (15)to attach the radiant Mat Grid tile to the underlying surface orsub-flooring leaving the screw head or other attachment means below therecess (16). The upper surface of each tile contains a plurality of tubecradles (12). Each tube cradle (12) is next to one or more weightbearing support knobs. Each weight bearing support knob (15) adjacent toa tube cradle (12) having an indented undercut notch in its surface oneach side (14) adjacent to each tube cradle so as to allow tubing tosnap into each tube cradle (12) thereby creating a truss to stiffen theradiant Mat Grid tile (9), limiting lateral flex. In the preferredembodiment the tile is square but any polygonal shape can be used.

The desired plurality of Radiant Mat Grid tiles (9) are placed on thefloor, ceiling, roof and/or walls, and the multiple radiant Mat Grid (9)tiles are then snapped together along their perimeter by inserting themale knobs (10) into the adjacent female knobs (11) by stepping on, orotherwise forcing the mating of the male and female knobs along theperimeter of each Radiant Mat Grid tile (9) to create a contiguousmatrix covering the desired portion of the floor, wall or ceiling areato be radiantly heated or cooled.

After the desired entire floor, wall or ceiling area to be radiantlyheated or cooled is covered by the matrix a tube installation layout isconfigured and can be marked on the Mat Grid surface. The tubing is thensnapped into the matrix along the cradle and tube guides (12) and heldsecurely in place by the undercuts (14) in the knobs (15).

After the tubing is installed the individual Radiant Mat Grid tiles (9)can be secured to the sub-surface by inserting a screw or otherattachment means through the knobs (15) which each contain a screw guide(17). The head, nail or any protruding portion of the attachment meanscan be kept flush with the surface of the knobs because of the recess(16) at the top of each knob (15).

After the tubing is installed and tied into a heating and/or coolingmanifold it is then pressure tested for leaks. Next matrix with thetubing installed receives an overpour of concrete, gypcrete, mortarfloat or other over-pour material, thereby creating the completedradiant heating/cooling panel. After appropriate cooling or setting ofthe pour-over material, the system is ready to be operated once theheating and cooling systems connected to the manifold are operational.

In another preferred embodiment the Radiant Mat Grid tile matrix isinstalled as described previously on the floor, wall or ceiling, butinstead of sealing it with a pour-over process as previously described,the Radiant Mat Grid matrix is then mated to an upper surface comprisedof an efficient heat diffusion material such as cement board, woodcellulose plastic composite board, gypsum board, plywood or similarmaterial which can be integrated with aluminum, copper, ceramics orother efficient heat diffusion material to create a lateral heatdiffusion and thermal mass layer. This upper surface may have dimples orrecesses on the bottom of it which mate to the knobs (15) and seat intothe recesses (16) of the underlying Radiant Mat Grid tiles. This uppersurface sits in intimate contact with the tubing (13) to give extremelyeffective heat or cooling transfer. A screw, nail, barb or other similarattachment means can be used to attach the upper surface to the RadiantMat Grid (9) through any available screw guides (17) in knobs extendingfrom the upper surface of Radiant Mat Grid tiles which have not alreadybeen used to attach the Radiant Mat Grid tile matrix to the underlyingfloor, wall or ceiling to which it is affixed.

In another embodiment, the screw or other attachment means anchoring thetop surface to the Mat Grid can also be used to penetrate through theMat Grid (9) itself into the underlying surface or sub-flooring itself.A wall or ceiling installation can be given a finished decorativesurface or it can be finished by taping, floating and sanding of atypical exterior wall covering such as cement board or gypsum board inaccordance with standard construction methods.

In a floor installation, the top surface can be an integrated finishedsurface or after installation of the top layer it can receive tile,stone, hardwood, carpet etc. in accordance with standard constructionmethods. This embodiment of the matrix formed by the Radiant Mat tilescreates a modular system which has the advantage of being able to beun-assembled and re-assembled more than once if necessary.

Although the present invention has been described in considerable detailwith reference to certain preferred versions thereof, other versions arepossible. Therefore the spirit and scope of the appended claims shouldnot be limited to the description of the preferred versions containedtherein. All the features disclosed in this specification (including anyaccompanying claims, abstracts, and drawings) may be replaced byalternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purposes,unless expressly stated otherwise. Thus, unless expressly statedotherwise, each feature disclosed is one example only of a genericseries of equivalent or similar features.

1. An apparatus for heating or cooling structures comprised of: (a) aRadiant Mat Grid tile comprised of a square shaped tile with an uppersurface and a lower surface; (b) the tile having a plurality ofprotuberances affixed to the perimeter of the tile; (c) eachprotuberance affixed by an attachment means to the tile so that eachprotuberance extends outside the perimeter of the tile; (d) the tilealso having a plurality of protuberance receptacles placed along theinterior of the circumference of the tile juxtaposed in a position suchthat each can lock onto the protuberance of a neighboring tile unit; (e)the tile having a plurality of weight bearing support knobs on its uppersurface; (f) each weight bearing support knob having a recess at theupper end (g) each recess containing a screw guide opening in itscenter; (h) the tile having a plurality of tube cradles protrudingvertically from the upper surface of the tile to support tubing; (i)each tube cradle being immediately adjacent to one or more weightbearing support knobs; (j) each weight bearing support knob adjacent toa tube cradle having an indented undercut notch in its vertical surfaceon each side adjacent to each tube cradle so as to allow tubing to snapinto each tube cradle; (k) the tile being capable of being connectedtogether along at least one side with another tile to create acontiguous matrix of Radiant Mat Grid tiles covering the desired part ofthe floors, walls, sides or ceiling of a structure to be heated orcooled; (l) a length of tubing inserted into a plurality of tube cradleson each tile unit comprising the matrix of Radiant Mat Grid tiles; (m)the tubing being snapped into the indented undercut notch in thevertical surface of each weight bearing support knob adjacent to eachtube cradle the tubing is placed on; (n) the tubing connected to apumping manifold means to enable the circulation of a heated or cooledliquid through the tubing; (o) the matrix of tiles covered with anover-pour material.
 2. The device in claim 1 wherein instead of coveringan installed Mat Grid tile matrix with a pour-over material, the RadiantMat Grid tile matrix is instead covered by an upper surface comprised ofan efficient heat diffusion material.
 3. The device in claim 2 whereinthe upper surface comprised of an efficient heat diffusion materialcontains dimples and recesses on its bottom surface which mate to theknobs and seat into the recesses of the underlying Radiant Mat Gridtiles.
 4. The device in claim 2 wherein the efficient heat diffusionmaterial comprising the upper surface placed over the Radiant Mat Gridtiles is affixed to the Radiant Mat Grid tiles by an attachment meansextending through a plurality of available screw guides in knobsextending from the upper surface of Radiant Mat Grid tiles which havenot already been used to attach the Radiant Mat Grid tiles themselves tothe underlying surface to which the Radiant Mat Grid tiles are affixed.5. The device in claim 2 wherein the attachment means anchoring theefficient heat diffusion material comprising the upper surface placedover the Radiant Mat Grid tile is also used to penetrate through thesame screw guide units used to anchor the Mat Grid tile itself onto theunderlying surface to which the Radiant Mat Grid tiles are affixed. 6.The device in claim 2 wherein the Radiant Mat Grid tiles comprising thematrix can be un-assembled and re-assembled as necessary.
 7. A methodfor heating or cooling building structures comprised of: (a) installinga plurality of Radiant Mat Grid tile units covering the desired part ofthe floors, walls, sides or ceilings of a structure to be heated orcooled; (b) each Radiant Mat Grid tile being comprised of a squareshaped tile with an upper surface and a lower surface; (c) each tilehaving a plurality of protuberances affixed to the perimeter of thetile; (d) each protuberance affixed by an attachment means to each tileso that each protuberance extends outside the perimeter of the tile; (e)each tile also having a plurality of protuberance receptacles placedalong the interior of the circumference of the tile juxtaposed in aposition such that each can lock onto the protuberance of a neighboringtile unit; (f) each tile having a plurality of weight bearing supportknobs on its upper surface; (g) each weight bearing support knob havinga recess at the upper end (h) each recess containing a screw guideopening in its center; (i) each tile having a plurality of tube cradlesprotruding vertically from the upper surface of each tile to supporttubing; Q) each tube cradle being immediately adjacent to one or moreweight bearing support knobs; (k) each weight bearing support knobadjacent to a tube cradle having an indented undercut notch in itsvertical surface on each side adjacent to each tube cradle so as toallow tubing to snap into each tube cradle; (l) connecting each tiletogether along at least one side with another tile to create acontiguous matrix of Radiant Mat Grid tiles covering the desired part ofthe floors, walls, sides or ceilings of the structure to be cooled; (m)inserting a plurality of tubing into the plurality of tube cradles oneach tile unit comprising the matrix of Radiant Mat Grid tiles; (n)Snapping the plurality of tubing into the indented undercut notch in thevertical surface of each weight bearing support knob adjacent to eachtube cradle the tubing is placed on; (o) connecting the tubing to apumping manifold means to enable the circulation of a heated or cooledliquid through the tubing; (p) covering the matrix of tiles with thetubing inserted into the tube cradles with an over-pour material.
 8. Themethod in claim 7 wherein instead of sealing an installed Mat Gridmatrix with a pour-over process, the Radiant Mat Grid tile matrix isinstead covered by an upper surface comprised of an efficient heatdiffusion material.
 9. The method in claim 8 wherein the upper surfacecomprised of an efficient heat diffusion material contains dimples andrecesses on its bottom surface which mate to the knobs and seat into therecesses of the underlying Radiant Mat Grid tiles.
 10. The method inclaim 8 wherein the efficient heat diffusion material comprising theupper surface placed over the Radiant Mat Grid tiles is affixed to theRadiant Mat Grid tiles by an attachment means extending through aplurality of available screw guides in knobs extending from the uppersurface of Radiant Mat Grid tiles which have not already been used toattach the Radiant Mat Grid tiles themselves to the underlying surfaceto which the Radiant Mat Grid tiles are affixed.
 11. The method in claim8 wherein the attachment means anchoring the efficient heat diffusionmaterial comprising the upper surface placed over the Radiant Mat Gridtile is also used to penetrate through the same screw guide units usedto anchor the Mat Grid tile itself onto the underlying surface to whichthe Radiant Mat Grid tiles are affixed.
 12. The method in claim 8wherein the matrix can be un-assembled and re-assembled as necessary.13. The apparatus in claim 1 wherein the tile is of a polygonal shape.14. The apparatus in claim 2 wherein the tile is of a polygonal shape.15. The method in claim 7 wherein the tile is of a polygonal shape. 16.The method in claim 8 wherein the tile is of a polygonal shape.